PennyCompass

Compound Interest Calculator

Free compound interest calculator. Project savings growth with monthly contributions, configurable compounding frequency, and inflation-adjusted (real) returns.

Published

Enter a starting balance, optional periodic contributions, an expected annual return, and a time horizon. The calculator projects nominal and inflation-adjusted (real) future value.

Used to compute real (purchasing-power) future value.

Future value (nominal)

Total contributions

Total interest

Interest as % of total

Year-by-year balance

Year Balance Contributions YTD Interest YTD
Fill the form.

Worked example

Start with $10,000, add $6,000 a year (deposited as $500 at the start of each month), earn 7% a year compounded monthly, and let it run for 30 years. The monthly rate is 7% divided by 12, about 0.5833%. Each month the $500 contribution goes in first, then the whole balance earns that month's interest, so every dollar starts compounding immediately. Over 30 years you deposit $10,000 up front plus $180,000 in contributions, $190,000 of your own money in total. Compounding turns that into roughly $694,709. The gap between the ending balance and what you put in, about $504,709, is interest, which is nearly 73% of the final balance. After adjusting for 3% inflation, the $694,709 is worth about $286,211 in today's dollars. The longer the horizon, the more the interest share dominates, which is the core lesson of compounding.

Item Amount
Starting principal$10,000
Contributions ($500/mo x 360)$180,000
Total invested$190,000
Interest earned$504,709
Future value (nominal)$694,709
Real value (after 3% inflation)$286,211
Money in vs interest earned $190k Interest $504,709 Money invested: $190,000 (27.3%) Interest earned: $504,709 (72.7%)

How it is calculated

Compound interest means you earn returns not only on your original principal but also on the interest already credited, so growth accelerates over time. The tool steps period by period using the more frequent of your compounding and contribution schedules. Each period it converts the annual rate to a periodic rate, adds any scheduled contribution at the start of the period as an annuity due, then applies the periodic rate to the running balance. Total contributions are your principal plus every deposit; total interest is the ending balance minus those contributions. Compounding more frequently, monthly versus annually, slightly raises the effective yield because interest starts earning sooner. The real value line discounts the final balance by your inflation rate so you can see its purchasing power rather than just the headline number.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between simple and compound interest?
Simple interest is calculated only on the original principal. Compound interest is calculated on the principal plus all previously earned interest, which is why long-horizon investing benefits so much from compound growth.
How does compounding frequency affect results?
More-frequent compounding produces slightly higher returns. Daily compounding beats monthly which beats annual. The differences are small for typical rates but meaningful for high-yield short-term instruments.
What does the "real" future value mean?
Real (inflation-adjusted) future value tells you what your future balance is worth in today’s purchasing power. A nominal balance of $1M in 30 years at 3% inflation has the buying power of about $412K today.
What is a realistic annual return assumption?
For a globally diversified stock-heavy portfolio, historical averages have been 7-10% nominal (4-7% real after inflation). For a balanced 60/40 portfolio, 5-7% nominal. For high-yield savings, 4-5% nominal at current rates. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

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